The pane “All reviewed drug-cancer associations” shows manually reviewed drug-cancer associations.
The pane “Comparison with Norway and Scotland” shows associations classified as not readily explained by bias along with estimates from Norway and Scotland. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classification is also shown (IARC).
The Norwegian and Scottish screening studies are available here:
Norway: Støer, N. C. et al. Drug Use and Cancer Risk: A Drug-Wide Association Study (DWAS) in Norway. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 30, 682–689 (2021). Links: Paper and Results.
Scotland: McDowell, R. D., Hughes, C., Murchie, P. & Cardwell, C. A systematic assessment of the association between frequently prescribed medicines and the risk of common cancers: a series of nested case-control studies. BMC Med 19, 22 (2021). Links: Paper
Abbreviations:
ATC; Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code used to classify drugs
Name; Name of the drug in the given ATC group
Exposed cases; Number of cases with 8 or more prescription fills
OR (8+ prescriptions); Adjusted odds ratio for high use (8+ prescriptions) compared to never-use with 95% confidence intervals
OR (dose-response); Adjusted odds ratio for each doubling of cumulative dose among users of the drug
OR (1-2 prescriptions); Adjusted odds ratio for low use compared to never-use with 95% confidence intervals
Group; i) bias; associations that are likely explained by bias, ii) implausible; drugs with limited systemic absorption unlikely to affect cancer development, and iii) unexplained; drug-cancer associations that are not readily attributable to confounding or other sources of bias and may be worthy of further consideration.